International Conference on Religion and Ecology in Northern Eurasia and North America (October 14-16, 1991)

Preface

　The study of circumpolar religion and ecology has been one of the most fascinating fields in anthropology both in the Old World and the New. Although the impact of ecology on religion has been mentioned elsewhere, the systematic analysis of and the theoretical contribution to the dynamic interractions between religion and ecology have been almost neglected.
　Thus, the relationships between religion, or the human cognition of nature, society and life and death in a broader sense, and ecology, of the human ways of living by the wider definition, would be a most challenging theme for future investigation.
　The purpose of the conference is twofold. One is the reassessment of the significance of circumpolar religion and ecology through comparisons among cultures in northern Eurasia and northern North America. The other is the discussion of the theoretical contribution to the study of the relationships between religion and ecology in the North. Functional, historical and structural interpretations may diverge or converge. They would nonetheless represent significant contributions to the theory and practice of anthropology in general.
　Also, it is our pleasure that this conference is the first symposium for the celebration of the founding of an international “Northern Studies Association (NSA)”. We hope that the Association will be able to contribute to the understanding of man, through the studies of various northern cultures of Eurasia and America and through the international cooperation and communication.

Takashi Irimoto, Ph. D.
Conference Chair
RENENA 1991 Sapporo

Conference Chair
Takasi Irimoto, University of Hokkaido

Organizing Committee
Kazunobu Ikeya, University of Hokkaido
Takashi Irimoto, University of Hokkaido
Osahito Miyaoka, University of Hokkaido
Katsunosuke Narita, University of Hokkaido
Takako Yamada, University of Hokkaido

Academic Advisors
Hiroko Hara, Ochanomizu University
Taryo Obayashi, Tokyo Woman’s Christian University
Hitoshi Watanabe, Reitaku University

Office
Cultural Anthropological Section, Institute for the Study of North Eurasian Cultures, Faculty of Letters, University of Hokkaido, Sapporo, Japan
Kazunobu Ikeya, Kumi Higashida

Program

October 14 (Monday)

09:00‐17:00　Registration: University Conference Hall, University of Hokkaido
12:00　Opening
12:00‐12:15　Opening Address
12:15‐12:30　Welcome Address (Message)
HIROSHIGE, Tsutomu, President of the University of Hokkaido
YOKOMICHI, Takahiro, Governor of Hokkaido
KATSUYA, Nobuo, Mayor of Sapporo

12:30‐13:00　Special Lecture (1)KAZUNO, Tatsujiro“Ainu Religious Belief and Life”
13:00‐13:30　Special Lecture (2)de Laguna, Frederica (Bryn Mawr College, USA.)“Some Early Circumpolar Studies”
14:00‐15:00　Tour of University Library (Northern Studies Library)
15:00‐17:00　Tour of University Botanical Garden/ Museum

October 15 (Tuesday)

09:00‐17:00　Registration
Session 1 Theory of Religion and Ecology in the North and Ainu
09:00‐09:30　WATANABE, Hitoshi (Reitaku University, Japan)“Animal Cult of Northern Hunter-Gatherers: Patterns and Their Ecological Implications”
09:30‐10:00　YAMADA, Takako (Hokkaido University, Japan)“Animal as the Intersection of Religion with Ecology: An Ainu Example”
10:00‐10:30　HAMAYON, R. N. (Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, France)“Shamanism, A Religion of Nature?”
10:30‐11:00　Refreshment Break
11:00‐11:30　SPEVAKOVSKY, A. B. (USSR Academy of Sciences, USSR.)“Animal Cult and Ecology: Ainu and East Siberian Examples”
11:30‐12:00　HARA, Hiroko (Ochanomizu University, Japan)“Gender and Ecology among the K’asogot’ine (the Hare) in Northern Canada”
12:00‐12:30　FUKUI, Katsuyoshi (National Museum of Ethnology, Japan)Theoretical Discussion
12:30‐13:30　Lunch Break

Session 2 Religion and Ecology of Aleut and Inuit
13:30‐14:00　BLACK, Lydia T. (University of Alaska Fairbanks, USA.)“Religious Syncretism as Cultural Dynamic”
14:00‐14:30　TURNER, Edith (University of Virginia, USA.)“Contact and its Effects on the Life of Inupiat Eskimos in Alaska: From Ecology to Religion”
14:30‐15:00　SALADIN-D’ANGLURE, B. (University of Laval, Canada)“Brother Moon (Taqqiq), Sister Sun (Siqiniq) and the Direction of the World (Sila): From Arctic Cosmography to Inuit Cosmology”
15:00‐15:30　Refreshment Break
15:30‐16:00　BURCH, Ernest S. Jr. (Smithsonian Institution, USA.)“Rationality and Resource Use Among Hunters”
16:00‐16:30　KISHIGAMMI, Nobuhiro (Hokkaido University of Education, Japan)“Why did the Canadian Inuit become Christians?: A Review of the Hypotheses on the Christianization of the Canadian Inuit”
16:30‐17:00　MIYAOKA, Osahito (Hokkaido University, Japan)“The Yupik World through the Demonstrative Eyes”
17:00‐17:30　KAKEYA, Makoto (Kyoto University, Japan)Theoretical Discussion

Speakers’ Corner (Free Discussion and Comment)
17:30‐18:00　NAMITA, Katsunosuke (Hokkaido University, Japan)
Reception
18:00‐19:30　Centennial Hall, Hokkaido University

October 16 (Wednesday)

Session 3 Religion and Ecology of North American Indians
09:00‐09:30　SHARP, Henry S. (Virginia University, USA.)“Inverted Sacrifice”
09:30‐10:00　RIDINGTON, Robin (University of British Columbia, Canada)“Tools in the Mind: Northern Athapaskan Ecology, Religion and Technology”
10:00‐10:30　FEIT, Harvey A. (McMaster University, Canada)“Dreaming Animals: The Shaking Tent in Relation to Nature, Hunting, and Christianity-the Transformations of Religious thought Among Waswanipi Cree in Canada”
10:30‐11:00　Refreshment Break
11:00‐11:30　IRIMOTO, Takashi (Hokkaido University, Japan)“Religion, Ecology, and Behavioral Strategy: A Comparison Between Ainu and Dene”
11:30‐12:00　NISHIDA, Masaki (University of Tsukuba, Japan)Theoretical Discussion
12:00‐13:00　Lunch Break

Session 4 Religion and Ecology of Northern Eurasian/ Siberian Peoples
13:00‐13:30　HULTKRANTZ, Ake (University of Stockholm, Sweden)“Religion and Environment among the Saami”
13:30‐14:00　PENTIKAINEN, Juha (University of Helsinki, Finland)“Khanty Shaman in a Winter Village by the Ob”
14:00‐14:30　SASAKI, Shiro (Osaka University, Japan)“A Study of Economic-Cultural Types and Historical-Ethnographic Religions in Lower Amur and Sakhalin”
14:30‐15:00　Refreshment Break
15:00‐15:30　OBAYASHI, Taryo (Tokyo Woman’s Christian University, Japan)“The Annual Cycle of the Ancient Emishi”
15:30‐16:00　OHTSUKA, Ryutaro (Tokyo University, Japan)Theoretical Discussion

16:00‐17:00　IRIMOTO, Takashi (Hokkaido University, Japan)General Discussion
17:00　Closing
18:00‐20:00　Farewell Party
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